What is Prosecco? Here’s What You Need to Know
A sparkling wine from Italy’s northeast, Prosecco is one of the most popular styles of bubbly in the world. Some people mistake this sparkling white wine for a cheap alternative to Champagne. But that’s not the case at all. So what is Prosecco wine and why should you be drinking it? Let’s take some time to explore the magic of this effervescent, Italian wine.
Prosecco is an Italian sparkling wine. It is not Italy’s only sparkling wine but Prosecco wines are Italy’s most popular sparklers.
The wines originate from the Valdobbiadene region of Veneto. But geography is not the only thing that makes Prosecco the popular – and affordable – sparkling wine that it is.
What is the meaning of Prosecco?
Prosecco is actually the name of the original town in which this wine was made, not far from Trieste. However, don’t head to Trieste looking for Prosecco.
Although there still might be Prosecco made in the area, the heart of Prosecco production is a couple of hours away, in the area north of Venice. (The wine is made in nine provinces in the Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia regions.)
Confused?
Here’s some additional background on the origin of Prosecco and current Prosecco production, should you be looking to plan a trip.
What grape is in Prosecco wine?
Prosecco is made predominantly from a thin-skinned grape called Glera. (This grape, Glera, was known as the Prosecco grape until 2009 when the name was officially changed within the European Union.) So if you’re wondering, “Is Prosecco a grape?” Yes! It is, only we just don’t call it that anymore. We call it Glera.
Glera grapes are fairly acidic grapes that generally produce floral wines with low alcohol. The alcohol content of Prosecco tends to be among the lowest of all wines. This makes Prosecco an excellent choice for summer drinking.
In order to be labeled Prosecco, the sparkling wine must be made with at least 85% Glera. But the remaining 15% may contain one or more other grapes including Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Perera, and Glera Lunga.
Did you know there’s Rosé?
As of 2020, a rosé style of Prosecco is approved for production. This blush Prosecco must contain 85% Glera but can also contain 10-15% Pinot Noir to give the wine a rose hue and bigger body.
What is Prosecco vs what is Champagne
Although Prosecco offers a fizz similar to Champagne, the bubbles in Prosecco are achieved through a very different winemaking method. Here’s a look at Prosecco vs Champagne.
How Prosecco is made?
Most Prosecco undergo what is typically called the Charmat, tank method or Italian method of secondary fermentation, which occurs in large, stainless steel tanks. (In Champagne, the bubbles develop in the bottle.)
First, the base wine is added to the tank, then sugar and yeast are added to trigger the second fermentation. This is when the bubbles form. The yeast consumes the sugar. Then, as it ferments, it releases carbon dioxide. The gas has nowhere to go in the sealed tank, so it becomes the signature bubbles that make Prosecco such a pleasurable drink.
Why is Prosecco less expensive than Champagne?
When you look at Champagne vs Prosecco the biggest indicator of the difference is price. That’s because Charmat is a quicker production method than the traditional method used in Champagne production, also known as méthode champenoise.
This means Prosecco is not only cheaper and quicker to produce but it makes for wines that retain far more freshness than those wines undergoing secondary fermentation in the bottle.
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How to serve Prosecco
In addition to using this sparkling wine in cocktails, Prosecco makes a great pre-dinner drink on its own as well as a great brunch, lunch or dinner wine. Like Champagne and other sparkling wines, it is typically served in a flute-style glass.
Best temperature to serve sparkling wine
Like all sparkling wines, Prosecco is best served chilled. The generally accepted serving temperature is between 40 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit. Don’t worry, you don’t need a thermometer to make sure your wine is cold enough. Just keep it chilled in an ice bucket or bottle cooler. (Here’s a great, ice-free wine bottle cooler.)
If you’re pouring sparkling wine for guests, consider filling the glasses to only half-full (particularly if you’re outdoors in the sunshine), so that the wine doesn’t warm up in the glass before it is drunk.
How long does open Prosecco last?
A bottle of Prosecco is best when it is first opened. But if you don’t finish the bottle, make sure you keep it cold. It will lose its fizz more quickly if the wine is allowed to get warm. Store the bottle in the refrigerator and drink it within 1-3 days.
You can leave the bottle open in the fridge but a good stopper may help prevent the loss of effervescence over time.
An unopened bottle of Prosecco is also something to be consumed fairly quickly. Most producers recommend drinking a bottle of Prosecco within one year of purchase. But don’t store it in the refrigerator for more than a few days as this can dry out the cork and cause the wine to go flat.
Note that if you find something sold as Prosecco in a can, it isn’t Prosecco. According to the definition of Prosecco wine, it must be bottled. So whatever is in the can may be Italian sparkling wine but it is not true Prosecco.
Food and wine pairing
What food should you pair with Prosecco? Light and acidic with cleansing bubbles, Prosecco is an incredibly food-friendly wine. Consider serving it with everything from breakfast omelets to high tea to burgers and ribs with bbq sauce.
Incredibly versatile, Prosecco can be a delicious companion to Asian cuisines and spicy Latin dishes. And its freshness and acidity can balance heavy dishes like pastas in cream sauce. It’s also great on its own and can even taste great with dessert.
How can one style of wine work so well with so many occasions? Let’s take a closer look at the typical flavor profile of Prosecco to better understand the attraction of this versatile Italian sparkling wine.
What does Prosecco taste like?
As you may expect, Prosecco has a different flavor and texture from Champagne. This is both because of the production method and the grapes used in Prosecco.
This Italian bubbly is a wine with vibrancy and freshness. It usually has a fairly light body and offers citrus acidity. Typical aromas and flavors may include melon, almonds, apples, flowers and tropical fruits. There’s a frothiness to the bubbles, which adds to the festivity of this drink.
So when someone asks you, “What is Prosecco wine?,” you can tell them it’s a type of Italian sparkling wine that offers a fresh, usually fruity flavor, low alcohol and typically represents good value.
What are the different styles?
Although most Prosecco wines are made in a brut, or dry, style, you can find sweeter Prosecco wines here and there. In fact, there are actually several types of Prosecco:
- Brut Nature
- Extra Brut
- Brut
- Extra Dry
- Dry
If you’ve drunk much Prosecco, you’re probably familiar with the brut style. These wines have a dry and clean style similar to brut Champagnes.
If you like your wines bone dry, look for the rarer brut nature or extra brut wines. (These are a rarity in part because the only region allowed to use Extra Brut on a label is Prosecco Asolo DOCG.) Brut nature wines are the driest but extra brut is almost as dry. I enjoy pairing these wines with meals. However, for sipping, I like something with a hint more sugar and body, like a brut.
But if you prefer sweeter wines, look for extra dry Prosecco, which has a little more residual sugar, just over half a gram of sugar per glass. In other words, this style of Prosecco is semi-sweet.
If you enjoy even more sweetness, shop for dry Prosecco, which has up to a gram of sugar per glass and has a more direct, sweet flavor. (Keep in mind that the additional residual sugar not only gives the wine a sweeter flavor but it also means that dry Prosecco has more calories than brut Prosecco wines.)
Demi-sec Prosecco does exist but I’ve never found any sold in the United States. These wines offer the sweetness of dessert wine, only with the effervescence of sparkling wine.
Don’t feel overwhelmed by the choices. Any Prosecco is a suitable choice for any occasion you feel calls for bubbles. For you, that might be a romantic dinner, to toast an achievement or celebrate brunch with friends. For me, it’s Friday. (Yes, I drink sparkling wine every Friday.)
But you should know that when it comes to quality, not all Prosecco wines are created equal.
This is why you might look at a wine shelf and see one bottle of Prosecco marked $5.99 while another is closer to $29.99. You might be wondering what the difference is and how you know you are getting a good quality Prosecco for the money.
Sometimes, it’s hard to know. But I’ll let you in on one important indicator of quality.
Use in cocktails
The fact that Prosecco is more affordable than Champagne makes it an ideal choice for the base wine in sparkling wine cocktails/Champagne cocktails. In fact, two of the best-known wine cocktails, the Bellini and the Aperol Spritz are traditionally made with Prosecco, not Champagne.
Some of the best Prosecco cocktails include (but are not limited to):
- Bellini
- Mimosa
- Aperol Spritz
- Sgroppino
- Hugo
- Negroni Sbagliato
- Prosecco Margarita
Understanding a Prosecco wine label
If you look at a Prosecco label, you might see the letters DOC or DOCG. These mean Denominazione d’Origine Controllata and Denominazione d’Origine Controllata e Garantita respectively.
Both are legal quality indicators. But there are some important distinctions.
Prosecco DOC
DOC Prosecco come from one of nine provinces within Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. You might recognize this on your label if you’re an avid Prosecco drinker as many of the most popular Prosecco are classified as Prosecco DOC.
DOCG
But there’s a lot of room for variation within the DOC distinction, as you may have already discovered. DOCG on the other hand is an indicator of more precise rules and higher quality standards.
Because nothing in Italian wine could ever be simple, there are multiple, even more precise designations within DOCG. The wines that I’ve chosen to feature in my tasting notes this month are all Valdobbiadene Superiore Prosecco DOCG.
Where does the best Prosecco come from?
It certainly is a mouthful, but wines labeled Valdobbiadene Superiore Prosecco DOCG come from grapes grown on the hills between the towns of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene in the Treviso province. It is the heart of Prosecco production and at the top level of Prosecco designations.
The very best of the best Prosecco vineyards are labeled Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore di Cartizze DOCG and come from a very select region within the DOCG region. If this is all a little confusing to you, this visual from the consortium of Prosecco producers may help make the Prosecco designations clearer.
Although my reviews are all DOCG wines, I’m not suggesting that there’s anything wrong with taking a $6 bottle of Prosecco on a picnic. But I wanted to help you understand what Prosecco is truly all about.
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And I think the best way to do that is to explore the Prosecco Superiore DOCG wines. After trying just one of these wines from the Prosecco brands I’ve featured below, I think you’ll agree that Prosecco can be as complex and challenging a wine as a Champagne or bubbly from one of the world’s other top sparkling wine regions.
Some great Prosecco wines to try
Ca’ Di Rajo Cuvee del Fondatore Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Millesimato Brut
This Conegliano Valdobbiadene is a delightful wine for day drinking, (and at 11% alcohol–why not?) It’s a pale, golden wine with luscious floral and tropical aromas. It offers good structure and refreshing acidity that make me want to drink it all day long.
Anna Spinato Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Brut
This is my pick for a pre-dinner Prosecco. A lovely, feminine wine, it offers apple and stone fruit aromas. It offers stone fruit flavors and Meyer lemon acidity. It has a faint sweetness that makes me crave salty finger foods.
Riva dei Frati Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Dry
This wine was paler and more gentle than most of the Prosecco sparkling wines I tried for this article. On the nose it gave off the perfume of honeysuckle. Ripe melon, particularly honeydew, was the predominant flavor but a hint of pineapple gave it a memorable flavor.
Val d’Oca Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Millesimato Extra Dry
This is a remarkably pretty wine. Perhaps it is too pretty for some because it kept making me think of ladies who lunch! Ultra-refined with floral aromas and an almost ethereally light body, it’s a wine for anyone who wants to drink something “lovely.”
La Gioioa Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Spumante Extra Dry
This wine easily rates among my all-time favorite Prosecco. It is more intense than most of the wines reviewed here. On the nose, there are freshly cut apple and floral aromas. On the palate, it bursts with unexpected papaya and dried mango flavors.
Organic Prosecco DOCG
You can drink great Prosecco and support the environment. An increasing number of Prosecco producers are looking for ways to make delicious wine while contributing to a healthy planet. Here’s a look at two top Prosecco producers making great organic sparkling wines:
Borgoluce Sui Lieviti Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore DOCG Brut Nature
I love this wine for its luxurious vanilla apple custard flavor and smooth texture. But what I love even more is that it’s made from 100% organic Glera grapes. A complex and interesting wine, it is a great choice for anyone looking to drink a well-priced bottle of organic bubbly.
Bortolomiol “IUS NATURAE” Valdobbiadene Prosecco Superiore D.O.C.G. Brut Millesimato
Another Prosecco that stars organically grown grapes, this elegant bottle of bubbly is a great pick for a wine to break out on a special occasion. Ripe apple and pear flavors dominate but with delicacy and a hint of minerality toward the finish. When you want to serve a wine that is simply “lovely,” this is it.
Amy Reiley is an internationally published wine writer as well as a leading authority on aphrodisiac foods. Got a question about wine, food or sexual health? She probably has the answer!
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